Tengo 68 años. Una edad en la que, en teoría, debería haber alcanzado cierta paz interior, después de tantas experiencias. Pero dentro de mí hay un grito. Sordo, agrio, cansado. Ya no soporto ser un accesorio en las vidas de los demás. Estoy agotada. Agotada de ser útil solo cuando me necesitan para algo. Y por primera vez en mi vida, no solo deseo, sino que exijo vivir para mí misma.
Toda mi vida consciente la he dedicado a otros. Primero a mis padres, luego a mi marido, después a mi hija y sus hijos. Mis propios deseos parecían un lujo que no me permitía. Siempre lo dejaba para después: «Cuando mi hija crezca…», «Cuando me jubile…». Y ahora estoy jubilada. Supuestamente, ese «después» ha llegado. Pero para los demás, sigo siendo solo un recurso.
Renuncié. Definitivamente. Antes trabajaba como contable en un ambulatorio local, y lo odiaba con toda mi alma. No porque fuera mala en ello, sino porque siempre soñé con otra cosa. Quería pintar, viajar aunque fuera por nuestro país, vivir en una casita cerca del bosque, donde por las mañanas escuchara pájaros y no autobuses bajo mi ventana.
Pero en lugar de eso, oficina, gráficos, informes, estrés. Y, por supuesto, mi hija con sus eternas peticiones: «Mamá, préstame… Mamá, cuida… Mamá, ayúdame…». Y yo ayudaba. Le daba la mitad de mi pensión porque ellos «pasaban por dificultades». Recogía a mis nietos cuando «no podían con ellos». Cocinaba, limpiaba, planchaba, corría por toda la ciudad si alguien tenía mocos o dolor de tripa.
Todo eso lo hacía con amor. Sinceramente. Porque es la familia, porque son mis seres queridos. Porque creí que así debía ser.
Pero un día, hace poco, me desperté —literalmente— y lo entendí: ya no puedo más. No quiero. Estoy cansada. He vivido seis décadas y no recuerdo ni un momento de felicidad que fuera solo mía.
Le dije a mi hija que ya no trabajaría más. Que quería dedicarme a mí misma. La expresión en su rostro nunca la olvidaré. No hubo gritos, pero sus ojos… Había resentimiento. Incluso desprecio. Como si la hubiera traicionado, como si no tuviera derecho a pensar en mí misma.
—¿Entonces ahora no habrá dinero? —preguntó, sin rodeos.
Asentí en silencio.
—¿Y qué hago yo? ¡Contábamos con tu ayuda!
—Tienes marido —respondí—. Yo os crié, os apoyé, os saqué adelAdvertisement
# Calculus
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We have all heard of Isaac Newton and the apple that fell on his head, leading to the discovery of gravity , but fewer people know that he was also the inventor of calculus . Calculus is a branch of mathematics that is incredibly useful in science , engineering, and other fields . Calculus is used in practically all areas of science, physical , computer science, statistics , engineering, economics, business, medicine, demography, and meteorology.
## What is the calculation?
The calculation is a branch of mathematics that is responsible for studying the changes and movements that occur and that allow measuring and modeling the variations experienced by different phenomena, measuring their magnitudes through numbers .
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## Definition
The calculation is the branch of mathematics that is responsible for the study of the limits , derivatives, integrals , infinite series and the study of functions , it is based on them that it unfolds analytically. The calculation allows us to understand the dynamics of change in the world , so it has had a wide development and application in science and technology . It is divided into two branches: differential calculus and integral calculus .
## Characteristics
The main characteristics of calculation are the following:
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– It is based on functions , limits , derivatives , integrals and differential equations .
– Uses the infinitesimal differential method .
– It is considered as the mathematical study of change.
– It is widely used in the field of science , economics and engineering .
– Includes differential calculation and integral calculation .
## History
Calculation was built mainly by Isaac Newton and Gottfried Leibniz in the 17th century , however, the origin of the calculation was found in ancient Greece , with Democritus , who calculated volumes, or Eudoxus and Archimedes who used a method of exhaustion to calculate the area of a circle . Kepler used the infinitesimal method to calculate the area of the sectors of an ellipse . The first steps that led to the differential calculus appeared in the Middle Ages. Fermat , Barrow and Wallis were the ones who did the most work in the area. However, Newton and Leibniz were the ones who distinguished two types of calculus: integral and differential. In the 18th century, the Bernoulli brothers applied calculus to different problems, Euler also contributed by developing the theory of functions and the calculus of variations. The differential and integral calculus was perfected in the 19th century by Gauss , Peano and Cauchy .
## Who invented the calculation
Calculation was invented by Isaac Newton and Gottfried Leibniz .
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## What is the calculation for?
The calculation is used to study the variations that arise in functions when some of the variables that compose them are modified . It has an important role in physics , chemistry , biology, in engineering science , economics and even in medicine . It allows the study and analysis of the variation that occurs when some of the variables that participate in a function are modified.
## Types
The two fundamental types of calculus are differential calculus and integral .
– Differential calculus : it is related to the speed with which things occur and the measurement of the slopes of curves. It is based on the derivative and makes it possible to determine the rate of change that a function has with respect to its independent variable. He is dedicated to studying the rates at which quantities change.
– Integral calculation : It is related to the accumulation of quantities and the areas under and between curves. It is based on the results obtained from the fundamental theorem of calculus, using the primitive or anti-derivative functions.
## Fundamentals
The fundamentals of calculus are based on the following important aspects:
– Functions : they are the relationships that exist between two magnitudes . They are rules that associate the elements of a set with the elements of another set.
– Limits : they are the values to which the terms of a series or sequence tend , but to which they approach indefinitely. They are a fundamental part of the continuous functions .
– Derivative : it is therate of change in the instantaneous speed of a function. It allows us to know the slope of the tangent at any point on a given curve.
– Integral : it is the sum of an infinite number of differentials. It is the operation that is inverse to the derivative.
– Differential equations : they are the equations that relate a function with one or more of its derivatives.
## Applications
Some of the applications of the calculation are the following:
– It is used in the field of physics to determine the speed and acceleration of cars.
– In the field of chemistry to calculate the rates of reactions .
– In biology to calculate bacterial growth rates .
– In economics , minimizing costs and maximizing profits.
– In medicine , to calculate blood flow in capillaries or arteries.
– In computing to study the processing of digital signals and images.
## Importance
Calculation is important because it is the fundamental tool for the development of different sciences , which have managed to solve several problems that could only be solved by approximation. In any science, calculation is used as the basis that is responsible for explaining the changes that occur in different areas. It is the means to model different phenomena through variables that can be measured and monitored . It also allows the development of new tools to solve different problems .
## Examples
Some examples of the calculation are as follows:
#### Exercise 1
#### Solution
#### Exercise 2
#### Solution
AdvertisementMe miré al espejo y por fin vi a la mujer que había sido siempre, pero que nunca se había permitido ser.
